「真正的底部」還沒到?專家示警:比特幣恐迎「投降式拋售」最後一跌

就在上周,比特幣上演了驚心動魄的「大怒神」行情,單日挫逾 10% 、險守 60,000 美元大關,隨後雖強勢反彈回 70,000 美元附近,但這波急殺是否已構成所謂的「投降式拋售? 也就是投資人因恐慌而認賠殺出,讓賣壓徹底宣洩完畢,為下一輪牛市行情鋪路。 不過,從衍生性商品市場的角度來看,答案恐怕是否定的。根據 Amberdata 衍生品總監 Greg Magadini 的觀察,期貨市場所釋放的訊號顯示,比特幣恐怕還有進一步下跌的空間。 Greg Magadini 在周一的市場報告中指出,這次下跌期間,期貨基差(期貨與現貨之間的價差)的反應明顯偏冷,並未出現過往熊市常見的劇烈變化。他說:

期貨基差幾乎沒有出現該有的『市場反應』,讓我無法確信我們已經經歷了真正的投降時刻。

他所指的,正是期貨在空頭趨勢、尤其是市場出清階段,與現貨價格之間的典型關係變化。 期貨允許交易人在未來特定時間,以事先約定的價格買進或賣出標的資產,例如比特幣。投資人可透過期貨押注價格走勢,看多時做多、預期下跌時放空,而無須實際持有比特幣本身。也因此,期貨與現貨之間的價差(基差),往往成為判讀市場情緒與部位方向的重要指標。 當期貨價格明顯高於現貨,代表市場偏多,投資人願意為未來價格上漲支付溢價;反之,當期貨價格跌破現貨、出現折價,則意味著空方賣壓沉重,市場悲觀。 回顧比特幣歷史,熊市往往在期貨與永續合約出現「大幅折價」時觸底。這種極端的逆價差代表市場信心徹底崩潰,持幣者恐慌性認賠殺出(也就是「投降」),標誌著熊市最後的洗盤階段完成。 然而,上周的劇烈波動中,期貨折價僅是曇花一現。 Greg Magadini 指出,儘管比特幣 90 天期貨基差隨著每一波下跌確實逐步走低,但波動幅度幾乎不超過 -100 個基點(bps),並未形成深度折價。目前比特幣的固定期貨基差仍維持在約 4% 左右,幾乎與無風險美債殖利率持平。 若將時間拉回 2022 年熊市尾聲,當時比特幣跌破 2 萬美元關卡,90 天期貨一度出現高達 9% 的折價,清楚反映出市場極度悲觀、槓桿部位全面撤退的狀態。

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