佛羅里達州在加密貨幣政策上的立法政策出現明顯轉變。繼先前試圖大規模開放州級資金投資加密資產的提案受阻後，州議員改以更保守、聚焦比特幣 BTC 的方式重新推動相關立法，試圖在控制風險的前提下，為州政府建立具備戰略意義的數位資產儲備。根據佛羅里達州立法紀錄，共和黨州參議員喬格魯特斯（Joe Gruters）提出的「參議院第 1038 號法案」，已於 2025 年 12 月 30 日正式提交，將於本週轉交參議院農業、環境與一般政府撥款委員會審議。該法案仍須通過委員會聽證與表決，方可進入參議院全體會議程序。
SB 1038 設立州級戰略性加密貨幣儲備
SB 1038 的核心內容，在於授權成立「佛羅里達州戰略性加密貨幣儲備」，由州財務長（CFO）全權管理。依照法案規定，財務長可比照公共信託資產的管理標準，負責加密貨幣的購買、持有、保管、管理以及必要時的清算。這項設計顯示立法者有意將相關權責集中於單一行政單位，以強化監管一致性，並降低跨機構操作可能帶來的風險與爭議。
未點名比特幣，卻只剩比特幣符合資格
儘管 SB 1038 條文中並未直接點名比特幣，但其設定的資產資格門檻極為嚴格。法案規定，僅限於過去兩年平均市值達到至少 5,000 億美元的加密貨幣，方可納入州級儲備。以目前全球加密市場的實際狀況來看，只有比特幣符合此一標準，使該儲備在實質上成為一項以比特幣為唯一標的的政策工具。這樣的設計，被外界視為在政治可行性與市場風險之間取得平衡的結果。
先前廣泛投資方案為何受挫
此次參議院主導的新提案，背景來自佛羅里達州先前立法嘗試的挫敗。2025 年 10 月，共和黨眾議員韋伯斯特巴納比（Webster Barnaby）曾提出 HB 183 (眾議院第183號法案），計畫允許州政府及部分公共實體，將最多 10 % 的資金投資於包括比特幣、加密貨幣交易所交易產品（ETP）、加密證券、NFT，以及其他區塊鏈相關產品。該法案源自更早的 HB 487 修訂版本，但因投資範圍過於廣泛，且可能讓退休基金與公共信託資金承擔高度波動風險，最終在立法過程中遭到撤回。
新提案排除退休基金、集中監管權
相較之下，SB 1038 明確排除了退休金與退休基金，並透過獨立的儲備結構，避免影響既有公共資金與信託體系。此外，法案將監管權直接交由州首席財務官負責，減少多頭管理帶來的不確定性。這種做法與新罕布夏州、德州等州在 2025 年通過的比特幣儲備立法方向相似，皆採用高市值門檻與單一資產聚焦策略，以回應立法者與公眾對風險控管的關切。
立法程序與後續監督機制
SB 1038 的正式生效，仍有賴配套立法建立儲備所需的信託基金機制。對應的眾議院第 1039 號法案（HB 1039）已同步提出，顯示參、眾兩院在政策方向上已有初步共識。若法案順利通過，州財務長將自 2026 年 12 月起，定期向立法領導人提交報告，詳細說明儲備的持有內容、資產價值變化及管理方式，以確保透明度與公共監督。佛羅里達州此次選擇縮小加密貨幣儲備提案的範圍，且以比特幣為核心，被視為一次更審慎、務實的加密貨幣政策調整。
這篇文章 佛羅里達州縮小 2026 年比特幣儲備提案範圍，立法政策轉向審慎聚焦 最早出現於 鏈新聞 ABMedia。
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