Vitalik advocates adding multiple "hard-coded rules" to strengthen the security and efficiency of the Ethereum protocol

According to Jinse Finance, vitalik.eth posted on X, saying, "I am always pleased to see people recognize these protocol modifications that add hard fixed rules. Such changes not only improve protocol security but also enhance its adaptability for the future. In 2021: Ethereum Improvement Proposals EIP-2929 and EIP-3529 (increased gas fees for storage read operations and reduced gas refunds). In 2024: Weakening of the self-destruct contract instruction (implemented with the Dencun upgrade). In 2025: Setting a maximum gas limit per transaction at 16,777,216.

All of the above modifications set various hard limits on the maximum processing capacity per block or per transaction, which not only completely avoids various denial-of-service attack risks, but also simplifies client code, while opening up more feasible paths to improve system efficiency.

I expect that the following hard rules will need to be advanced soon:

• Limit the amount of accessible code bytes (short-term solution: increase the cost of calling large contracts; mid-term solution: use a binary tree storage structure combined with a per-data-block charging model)
• Limit the number of computation cycles for zero-knowledge proof EVM verifiers (with corresponding fee adjustments)
• Adjust memory fee calculation, setting a clearer hard cap on maximum memory consumption for the EVM